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Ailathus altissima - Tree of Heaven, Chinese Sumac, Ailanthus, Varnish-tree, Copa-tree

Infestation Photo

photo by  WNY PRISM

June 5, 2015

Close up Photo

photo by  WNY PRISM

June 5, 2015

    Tree of Heaven (Ailathus altissima) also known as Chinese Sumac, is a deciduous tree in the quassia family. Mature trees can reach 80 feet in height. It has smooth stems with pale gray bar and twigs which are light chestnut brown. Its large compound leaves are 1-4 feet in length, alternate, and composed of 10-40 smaller leaflets. Flowers occur in large terminal clusters and are small and pale yellow to greenish.

    Tree of Heaven is native to Taiwan and central China. It was first introduced to America by a gardener in Pennsylvania in 1784 as an ornamental. By 1840 It was commercially available from nurseries in the eastern United States.

    Tree of Heaven is a fast growing tree and a prolific seeder, that can take over sites, replacing native plants and forming dense thickets. It also produces chemicals that prevent the establishment of other plants nearby. Its root system may be extensive and can cause damage to sewers and foundations. It is a common tree is disturbed urban areas, where it grows almost anywhere, including alleys, sidewalks, parking lots and streets. In rural areas it is found in fields, and along roadsides, fencerows, edges of woodlands and forest openings. Across the country it is recognized as a serious agricultural pest.